# Tata Steel

> Tata Steel's Ludhiana electric-arc furnace is a concrete scrap-based steelmaking node. Its broader by-product system creates a second lane, but both require grade, chemistry and end-market discipline.

- Industry: Metals & Mining
- Collection: Active
- Materials: Metals, Steel
- Processes: Recycling
- Evidence through: 2026-09-18
- Canonical URL: https://www.materialtransition.com/library/tata-steel

## Material inputs to resolve

Steelmaking, scrap and industrial by-products

Tata Steel reports that its Ludhiana facility is a 0.75 million tonne per year EAF designed to use 100% steel scrap, with approximately 40% sourced from its Rohtak recycling plant. The group also manages 18 to 20 million tonnes of by-products annually. Those disclosures do not establish a particular scrap supplier, slag product, or customer approval.

**100% scrap** Ludhiana EAF route

**Open** Site, grade and buyer evidence

**Screening** No commercial claim

**As of** September 18, 2026

- Ferrous scrap for EAF steelmaking
- Slag and other steelmaking by-products

### Outputs and residuals to resolve

- Scrap-based steel products
- Infrastructure and construction by-product applications

**First decision:** Scrap specification, collection geography, volume, melt yield and finished-grade requirements.

## What is disclosed

Tata Steel describes its Ludhiana EAF as 100% scrap-based and reports by-product utilization across its operations.

#### What remains unproven

The reporting does not establish scrap chemistry, melt mix, plant-specific excess volume, product certification or contracted outlets.

### Decision boundary

The public record supports one bounded next move: Scrap specification, collection geography, volume, melt yield and finished-grade requirements. It does not establish a buyer, commercial approval or supply agreement.

## Material flow map

| Material or stream | Qualification gate | Process or destination | Evidence still needed |
|-|-|-|-|
| Ferrous scrap for EAF steelmaking | Composition and specification | Scrap-based steel products | Site, volume and buyer evidence |
| Slag and other steelmaking by-products | Condition and logistics | Infrastructure and construction by-product applications | Yield and destination evidence |

This is a public screening map. It separates company-disclosed flows from open qualification work. It does not convert a destination into a buyer or an announced ambition into operating capacity.

## Three defensible entry lanes

#### Ludhiana scrap-supply lane

Qualify scrap by chemistry and contamination against the EAF's operating window.

**Next evidence:** Scrap specification, collection geography, volume, melt yield and finished-grade requirements.

#### Qualification path

Separate disclosed company activity from a usable commercial lane.

**Next evidence:** Named site, product grade and technical owner.

#### Commercial boundary

Do not infer customer demand from corporate reporting.

**Next evidence:** Buyer specification, commercial terms and approval.

## Evidence register

- **Integrated Report 2025-26** Tata Steel https://www.tatasteel.com/investors/integrated-report-2025-26/index.html [1]
- **Natural capital and circular economy** Tata Steel https://www.tatasteel.com/investors/integrated-report-2025-26/natural-capital.html [2]
- **Circular economy** Tata Steel https://www.tatasteel.com/sustainability/environment/circular-economy/ [3]
- **Ludhiana scrap-based EAF** Tata Steel, official project disclosure https://www.tatasteel.com/investors/integrated-report-2025-26/igniting.html [4]

Source hierarchy: filings and company disclosures first. The brief states what those sources support and leaves the unresolved plant, grade, permit, buyer and mass-balance questions explicit.

## Material Transition editorial interpretation

The next useful working session starts with: Scrap specification, collection geography, volume, melt yield and finished-grade requirements.

## Sources

- [1] Integrated Report 2025-26 - https://www.tatasteel.com/investors/integrated-report-2025-26/index.html
- [2] Natural capital and circular economy - https://www.tatasteel.com/investors/integrated-report-2025-26/natural-capital.html
- [3] Circular economy - https://www.tatasteel.com/sustainability/environment/circular-economy/
- [4] Ludhiana scrap-based EAF - https://www.tatasteel.com/investors/integrated-report-2025-26/igniting.html

From the Material Transition company brief library: https://www.materialtransition.com/library/tata-steel